World sports betting branches of philosophy
Of course, many factors have contributed to the incredible growth of sports betting within the UK. Read more about them below. The Move Online No single factor has contributed more to the UK sports betting industry than its move into the digital realm. Indeed, the entire gambling industry has benefited immeasurably from the ability to reinvent the players' experience on the internet. From our ability to play casino from our homes, to the myriad opportunities to place bets when we are on the go, the online gambling industry has transformed a tradition that stems back hundreds of years — if not thousands.
But, in spite of the fact that the internet has opened up the playing field for all genres of gambling, sports betting remains an undisputable leader for the entire industry. In December , for instance, it was found that More than half of respondents joined in the football pools and dog races, and yet more placed bets on horse racing. This placed sports betting over and above other popular draws for gamblers, including the National Lottery draw and the longstanding crowd favourite, bingo.
Horse racing alone draws in nine figure revenues each and every year. What is interesting, however, is the fact that The Grand National — inarguably, horse racing's biggest event of the year — is pipped to the post in terms of popularity among punters by a number of other largescale sporting events.
The World Cup, for instance, alongside the Superbowl — both draw in billions of pounds' worth of bets from across the globe. Formula 1 , cricket and golf, too, have helped to grow the scope of the global sports betting industry. To be sure, the influence of global trends is likely a strong contributor to the UK's own growing fascination with sports betting. As sporting events grow flashier, and an ever-growing list of major stadiums are being redesigned into state-of-the-art sporting havens , the sports betting industry responds by evolving alongside it.
For the player, this means that the stakes are growing higher, and that ensuring player security, comfort and control is at the forefront of every provider's efforts as the competition between leading names continues to grow more and more fierce. Rather, practice theory research in the field should seek to examine how different elements are enlisted and come together to perform gambling practices, and also pay attention to the relational dynamics between these elements of practice.
This is important, as it can help also inform how holistic harm reduction strategies may seek to work at multiple points of intervention by simultaneously tackling how bodies, materials, norms, discourses, and social structures shape gambling. Finally, a future research agenda could explore research questions that focus on how do gambling practices connect to form a nexus practices with other social practices such as alcohol consumption or socialising with friends?
Practice theorists refer to bundles of practice [ 48 ] recognising that practices are rarely performed in isolation but as part of a nexus of practices, or constellations of events [ 59 ]. Gambling often coincides with other practices such as eating and drinking, consuming sport, and socialising among friends [ 85 , 86 ]. Future research could focus on the nexus of gambling with other social practices like alcohol consumption and the consumption of sport and how this shapes behaviours and outcomes.
Furthermore, harm reduction strategies could consider not only a specific focus on harmful gambling practices, but practices performed alongside gambling such as alcohol consumption. Taking a nexus of practices, perspective also offers a framework for understanding how affective forces, the political economy, or general understandings may suffuse such practice bundles that involve gambling.
Such work could for example consider how neoliberal ideology, globalisation, and marketisation suffuse practices of gambling in the emerging economies of Africa, through alignment with ideas of status, success, and Western modernity.
A nexus of gambling practices approach could also consider how certain practices such as a regular social gathering among friends may thread through the nexus and incorporate routines of gambling, drinking, socialising and so on. Longitudinal research that considers changing connections between gambling and other social practices through time, space, jurisdiction, and materiality can also help develop understanding.
Finally, an important consideration for any social practice research agenda for gambling is what methodologies can be used for inquiry. Given the broad focus of social practice theory on elements of and the performance of practice, interdisciplinary research drawing upon multiple methods is often used.
Traditional qualitative methods such as focus groups, and narrative interviews have been used to offer insights about the performance of gambling practices [ 20 , 72 ]. However, more novel and innovative methods are often used in social practice theory research. Methods such as ethnography and visual ethnography can be useful for capturing how language, materials, and bodies are used in the performance of practices [ 87 ].
Ethnographic and visual ethnographic methods offer possibilities for the researcher to pay attention to the fleeting, unspoken, mundane, ongoing, eventful, and happenstance of everyday life. Observation research of people performing gambling practices, or video ethnographies that capture people, bodies, spaces and places, language, and social interaction during the performance of gambling practices could add considerable insight to our understanding of what may drive gambling-related harms.
Gambling research using such methods would need to be conducted in an ethical manner, in which trust, consent, and decisions over the use of visual data are carefully considered. Cognitive neuroscience has also been suggested as a way to look at social practices and specifically how mental activities such as emotion and cognition influence their performance, or even how the eyes are used and where they focus during events [ 88 ].
Such interdisciplinary research between social scientists and neuroscientists is being carried out in other areas such as energy conservation behaviours [ 89 ]. Similarly, neuroscience methods could measure brain responses to the use of FOBT machines, or eye tracking research could consider what people are looking at and how they react to gambling advertisements in combination with qualitative narrative interviews to give insights on how the mind and mental activities may shape gambling practices.
Such research approaches would also need to consider important ethical questions relating to neuroscientific research [ 88 ] such as potential effects on participants from exposure to gambling stimulus, and provide relevant support services as necessary. Finally, Meier et al. Indeed, some quantitative studies in alcohol research record information that offers insights about the elements of practices of alcohol consumption such as location, social context e.
As Meier et al. The use of innovative research methods to investigate gambling as a social practice holds potential to inform more nuanced gambling harm reduction policy and programmes as well as provide stimulus for future research in the field. Conclusions This paper argues the case for a practice theory turn in the gambling research field. We argue that such an approach is warranted given the dynamic and multifaceted nature of gambling and the considerable health and social harms caused by gambling.
Furthermore, our clear identification that gambling practices are performed using multiple elements of practice such as bodies, materials, spaces and places, and language and discourse support our case for a turn to practice. We have argued that practice theory research can add to the nascent stream of socio-cultural research on gambling [ 14 , 15 , 17 — 19 , 23 , 24 ] to provide nuanced and alternative understandings that can complement existing individual psychology of behaviour perspectives, regarding the personal, social, and cultural dimensions that shape gambling.
In this article, we have outlined what practice theory is, how it is relevant to gambling, and can help strengthen the research evidence base and suggested some ideas for a future research agenda in this space. We call upon social science researchers from across disciplines to embrace the challenge and engage in practice theory gambling research to complement existing knowledge, add to our current understanding, and help inform more effective gambling harm reduction activity into the future.
Acknowledgements The authors wish to sincerely thank the Associate Editor, and the two reviewers who provided constructive feedback on earlier drafts of this manuscript. GR assisted with the conceptualisation of the manuscript and contributed to writing of the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Funding Availability of data and materials Not applicable Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable Not applicable Competing interests RG has received funding for gambling research from the Australian Research Council and the Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation.
Footnotes Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Contributor Information Gerda Reith, Email: ku. References 1. The big gamble: the need for a comprehensive research approach to understanding the causes and consequences of gambling harm in Australia. Australasian Epidemiologist.
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World sports betting branches of philosophy perforex solutions catalog
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If you play the over, there are only a handful of big plays that are exciting and relevant to your bet. If you play the under, everything is exciting, to include things that usually we overlook like 3rd down stops, punts, and ground and pound strategies that eat the clock. Why We Support Moneyline Underdogs If you are going to play a side, usually there is greater value in playing an underdog than a favorite for several reasons.
Anytime you can be wrong more than you are right, and still make money, that is an ideal investment scenario. In addition, when playing professional sports, all athletes are professionals and anyone can win. Although some teams are undoubtedly better than others, great teams still lose to average ones all the time. Casual betters bet on the weekends, and on games that they can watch. These players tend to focus on favorites, overs, and parlays.
All of which are losing propositions. When taking sports investing seriously, you need to focus on unders. Value Theory is often interchangeably used as Axiology and this branch of Philosophy peruses upon the value of goodness. To put it simply, Axiology looks at the concept of value in terms of its philosophical terms and argues questions about nature and what actually is valued.
It is mainly concerned with explaining the nature of being and the world. Traditionally, it has two different study areas, including Cosmology and Ontology. Cosmology is focused on understanding the origin, evolution, and the eventual fate of the universe, which include laws that keep it in perfect order. On the other hand, Ontology investigates various types of things that exist and their relationship with each other. Much before the discovery of modern science, all the science-related questions were asked as a part of Metaphysics.
Basically it is about the study of knowledge. What can we know? A fundamental question concerning Epistemology is, what is knowledge? It also asks questions like, can knowledge ever be absolute? Is there a limit for humans to know certain things? If we are living in a world of simulation, how can we know it?
These are some of the essential questions Epistemology seeks answers for. Credits — Wireless Philosophy Ethics Everyone in their day to day life tries to conduct themselves according to some established ethical norms. For instance, there are certain organizations that have ethical committees which lay down rules of behaviour for its employees. Ethics is concerned with the definition of right and wrong. It elucidates schools of thought that instruct us how to act in a given situation, which has always been a matter of contention between philosophers.
Every philosopher has defined it according to their own subjective understanding. Credits — The Ethics Centre Political Philosophy Combining the two fields of Politics and Philosophy, Political Philosophy studies political government, laws, liberty, justice, rights, authority, political states and systems, ethics, and more. It explores the concepts of why we need governments, the role of played by governments, what are its constituents, amongst others.